Thursday 12th November, 2009
BORNO STATE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES INVITATION FOR TENDER
The Borno State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources hereby invites tenders from qualified Manufacturers/Contractors/Suppliers for the Contract/Supply of the following:
A. RURAL DEVELOPMENT SERVICE (INTERNATIONAL)
Tractors and Implements
i. Wheel Tractors 55 – 80 HP capacity
ii. Tractor Mounted Disc Plough (3 point linkage)
iii. Tractor Mounted Harrow (Tandem or offset)
iv. Tractor Trailer – 5 ton capacity
v. Motorized multipurpose Grain Threshers
vi. Tractor P.T.O Propelled Multipurpose Grain Threshers.
B. FENCING OF MOHAMED LAWAN COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE – 8,300mm (LOCAL)
i. Front wall fence - 1300m
ii. River side and College farm wall - 7000m
QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
Interested and suitably qualified bidders are to submit the following documents:-
(i) Evidence of registration as a Corporate Contractual Company of the home country.
(ii) Evidence of Tax Clearance Certificate of the home country
(iii) Evidence of previous jobs executed across the globe
(iv) Evidence of registration as a Contractor with the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) and Borno State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (Local)
TENDER INSTRUCTIONS
(i) Tender documents are to be purchased upon payment of the prescribed Tender Fee of N50,000.00 from the Secretariat, Tenders Committtee, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Headquarters, Musa Usman Secretariat, Maiduguri, Borno State.
(ii) Specification, samples, drawings and other documents as well as working sheets are available for inspection at the Secretariat Tenders Committee, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Maiduguri.
(iii) Tenders must be submitted in duplicate in sealed envelopes addressed to the Secretary Tenders Committee, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources to reach him not later than Wednesday 9th December, 2009 at 9:00am
(iv) Bidding documents will be opened on Wednesday, 9th of December, 2009 in the Conference Room, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Maiduguri at 11:00am prompt. Tenders who choose to be present may also attend the opening of Tender
(v) The envelopes must be marked “Confidential” address to the Secretary, Ministerial Tenders Board, Room A052, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, PMB 1047, Maiduguri, Borno State.
(vi) No tender will be considered unless it is submitted in full compliance with the provision of this notice.
(SIGNED)
BARRISTER ISA BURATAI
Honourable Commissioner
Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
Maiduguri, Borno State
Monday 2nd November, 2009
How did the current outbreak start?
The outbreak of avian influenza of most concern - H5N1 - began in poultry in South Korea in mid-December 2003, and has affected birds in many countries in Asia, Europe, Middle East and Africa. It involves a variant of the same virus subtype as that associated with the 1997 Hong Kong outbreak.
WHAT IS BIRD FLU?
Avian influenza or 'bird flu' is a contagious disease of birds, caused by influenza A viruses that can cause a range of symptoms, from mild illness and low mortality to a highly contagious disease with a near 100% fatality rate. The bird flu virus currently affecting poultry and some people in Asia and other areas is the highly pathogenic H5N1 strain of the virus.
How is it spread?
As the virus can remain viable in contaminated droppings for long periods, it can be spread among birds, and from birds to other animals, through ingestion or inhalation. All bird species are thought to be susceptible to avian influenza. Migratory birds such as wild ducks and geese can carry the viruses, often without any symptoms, and show the greatest resistance to infection. Domestic poultry flocks, however, are particularly vulnerable to epidemics of a rapid, severe and fatal form of the disease.
How is it spread?
As the virus can remain viable in contaminated droppings for long periods, it can be spread among birds, and from birds to other animals, through ingestion or inhalation. All bird species are thought to be susceptible to avian influenza. Migratory birds such as wild ducks and geese can carry the viruses, often without any symptoms, and show the greatest resistance to infection. Domestic poultry flocks, however, are particularly vulnerable to epidemics of a rapid, severe and fatal form of the disease.
What kind of virus is it?
There are many different subtypes of influenza A virus. The most virulent are called highly pathogenic avian influenza and can reach epidemic levels among birds. Of these, subtype H5, and more particularly subtype H5N1, pose the greatest concern for human health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there is mounting evidence that the H5N1 strain has a unique capacity to jump the species barrier and cause severe disease, with high mortality, in people.
There are many different subtypes of influenza A virus. The most virulent are called highly pathogenic avian influenza and can reach epidemic levels among birds. Of these, subtype H5, and more particularly subtype H5N1, pose the greatest concern for human health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there is mounting evidence that the H5N1 strain has a unique capacity to jump the species barrier and cause severe disease, with high mortality, in people.
How did the current outbreak start?
The outbreak of avian influenza of most concern - H5N1 - began in poultry in South Korea in mid-December 2003, and has affected birds in many countries in Asia, Europe, Middle East and Africa. It involves a variant of the same virus subtype as that associated with the 1997 Hong Kong outbreak.
How can bird flu infect people?
H5N1 is able to infect people although it does not do this easily. In human populations, where domestic pigs and wild and domestic birds live in close proximity with people, the mingling and exchange of human and animal viruses can more easily occur. Those who have become infected have had close direct contact with infected birds.
H5N1 is able to infect people although it does not do this easily. In human populations, where domestic pigs and wild and domestic birds live in close proximity with people, the mingling and exchange of human and animal viruses can more easily occur. Those who have become infected have had close direct contact with infected birds.
What symptoms does it cause?
Human infection with avian influenza viruses usually causes conjunctivitis (eye infection) and mild flu-like symptoms, with one notable exception, the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus which can be deadly. The first documented cases in people appeared in Hong Kong in 1997, when 18 people infected with an H5N1 virus strain were admitted to hospital, six of whom died. As of 15 November 2006, 258 reported cases of H5N1 infection in people have occurred in ten countries, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, China, Turkey, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Egypt, and Djibouti. One hundred and fifty-three of these have been fatal.
Human infection with avian influenza viruses usually causes conjunctivitis (eye infection) and mild flu-like symptoms, with one notable exception, the highly pathogenic H5N1 virus which can be deadly. The first documented cases in people appeared in Hong Kong in 1997, when 18 people infected with an H5N1 virus strain were admitted to hospital, six of whom died. As of 15 November 2006, 258 reported cases of H5N1 infection in people have occurred in ten countries, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, China, Turkey, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Egypt, and Djibouti. One hundred and fifty-three of these have been fatal.
Risk of a human influenza pandemic
"We do not know what the virus is that will cause pandemic 'flu. What we do know is that Mother Nature has the recipe book and its just a matter of time before she starts cooking,." said Sir Liam Donaldson, Chief Medical Officer. "Wherever in the world a flu pandemic starts, perhaps with its epicentre in the Far East, we must assume we will be unable to prevent it reaching the UK. When it does, its impact will be severe in the number of illnesses and the disruption to everyday life."
"We do not know what the virus is that will cause pandemic 'flu. What we do know is that Mother Nature has the recipe book and its just a matter of time before she starts cooking,." said Sir Liam Donaldson, Chief Medical Officer. "Wherever in the world a flu pandemic starts, perhaps with its epicentre in the Far East, we must assume we will be unable to prevent it reaching the UK. When it does, its impact will be severe in the number of illnesses and the disruption to everyday life."
What is a pandemic, and what causes it?
We are used to epidemics of 'ordinary' flu, which occur seasonally, every year, around the world. An epidemic is a widespread outbreak of disease occurring in a single community, population or region. A pandemic, on the other hand, occurs on a much greater scale, spreading around the world and affecting many hundreds of thousands of people across many countries.
Three influenza pandemics occurred in the last century - 1918 to 1919 (Spanish flu), 1957 to 1958 (Asian flu) and 1968 to 1969 (Hong Kong flu). All affected large numbers of the population, causing many deaths and huge economic and social disruption. In the case of the 1918 outbreak, around 50 million people are thought to have died.
We are used to epidemics of 'ordinary' flu, which occur seasonally, every year, around the world. An epidemic is a widespread outbreak of disease occurring in a single community, population or region. A pandemic, on the other hand, occurs on a much greater scale, spreading around the world and affecting many hundreds of thousands of people across many countries.
Three influenza pandemics occurred in the last century - 1918 to 1919 (Spanish flu), 1957 to 1958 (Asian flu) and 1968 to 1969 (Hong Kong flu). All affected large numbers of the population, causing many deaths and huge economic and social disruption. In the case of the 1918 outbreak, around 50 million people are thought to have died.
BRIEF ON BORNO STATE
Ethnic Groups:
Bomo State is quite heteroe, geneous. The Kanuri is the dominant ethnic group aand accounts for about threequarters of the popust lation of the state. The Kanuris inhabit Abadam, sMobbar, Gubio, Guzamala, Kukawa, Nganzai, er Monguno, Marte, Ngala, KalaBalga, Dikwa, Bama, '3 Konduga, Mafa, Kaga, Magumeri, Damboa and o, Maiduguri LGAs. Other ethnic groups are Babur?d Bura, Shuwa, Marghi, Fulani, Hausa, Gamergu, or Kanakuru, Chibok, Ngoshe, Guduf, Mandara, Tera oand several other smaller groups.
BaburBura are found in Biu, Hawul, KwayaKusar, Bayo and Shani LGAs. The Marghis have their homes in Askira/Uba in and parts of Gwoza LGAs. The Mandara of Gwoza ie LGA is made up of several ethnic subgroups.
The Chibok, another minority group, inhabit the newly as created Chibok LGA. The Shuwas form the dominant group and inhabit Mafa, rural Jere, Marte, Monguno, Dikwa, Ngala and KalaBalge LGAs and also form a significant minority in Bama and Konduga LGAs. The Hausas are mainly in Askira and Maiduguri. Nomadic herdsmen of varied origin are classified as Fulani. They are found in small 30 numbers in all the LGAs in the state
Bomo State is quite heteroe, geneous. The Kanuri is the dominant ethnic group aand accounts for about threequarters of the popust lation of the state. The Kanuris inhabit Abadam, sMobbar, Gubio, Guzamala, Kukawa, Nganzai, er Monguno, Marte, Ngala, KalaBalga, Dikwa, Bama, '3 Konduga, Mafa, Kaga, Magumeri, Damboa and o, Maiduguri LGAs. Other ethnic groups are Babur?d Bura, Shuwa, Marghi, Fulani, Hausa, Gamergu, or Kanakuru, Chibok, Ngoshe, Guduf, Mandara, Tera oand several other smaller groups.
BaburBura are found in Biu, Hawul, KwayaKusar, Bayo and Shani LGAs. The Marghis have their homes in Askira/Uba in and parts of Gwoza LGAs. The Mandara of Gwoza ie LGA is made up of several ethnic subgroups.
The Chibok, another minority group, inhabit the newly as created Chibok LGA. The Shuwas form the dominant group and inhabit Mafa, rural Jere, Marte, Monguno, Dikwa, Ngala and KalaBalge LGAs and also form a significant minority in Bama and Konduga LGAs. The Hausas are mainly in Askira and Maiduguri. Nomadic herdsmen of varied origin are classified as Fulani. They are found in small 30 numbers in all the LGAs in the state
Languages:
Thirty languages could be considered indigenous languages of the state. Kanuri is the dominant language. The languages of the original inhabitants such as the Gamergu and Wula are nearly extinct due to "kanurization." Conscious or unconscious "kanurization" is still in progress.
A dialect of Arabic is spoken by the Shuwa Arabs. The Marghis of Damboa have lost their language and now speak only Kanuri. Hausa and Fulfulde have the majority of their speakers outside the state. Others, like the Marghi and Mandara languages, are spoken by groups with cultural links with Cameroun.
Culture and Arts:
Arabic culture and arts have influenced, and in some cases, replaced the culture and arts of the inhabitants. Islam is the religion of most of the inhabitants of the state. Islamic laws, customs and dress are pervasive and in most cases have supplanted native laws, customs, beliefs and dress.
Population Structure and Distribution:
Provisional figures from the 1991 census (Table 8.1) show that the state has a total population of 2,596,589; and that males outnumber females by 58,033. The 1999 projected population data at the national annual growth rate of 2.8 per cent are also shown in Table 8.1. The projected population figures currently put the population of the state at 3,178,225. Although the state has a large land area (69,435 sq. km), it is sparsely populated.
Average population density is only thirtyseven persons per sq. km. (estimated at fortysix persons per sq. km in 1999). Apart from Maiduguri with very high density, only the southern LGAs have moderate densities. The low densities can be explained by harsh climate conditions which afflict a greater part of the state.
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